In Turkey, the processes for foreigners to acquire citizenship and obtain residence and work permits are structured under the Law on Foreigners and International Protection (Law No. 6458) and the Turkish Citizenship Law. Here are the main points of these processes:
Acquisition of Turkish Citizenship
Citizenship by Birth
Principle of Jus Sanguinis (Bloodline): A child born to at least one Turkish citizen parent is a Turkish citizen by birth.
Principle of Jus Soli (Place of Birth): If both parents are foreign and the child is born in Turkey, and the child cannot acquire any other nationality, Turkish citizenship is granted.
Naturalization (Application for Turkish Citizenship)It is possible to acquire citizenship through the following methods:
By Marriage: Foreigners who have been married to a Turkish citizen for at least three years and have maintained a genuine family life can apply for citizenship.
By Investment: Citizenship can be acquired by purchasing real estate worth at least 400,000 USD or by meeting certain investment conditions.
Based on Residence: Foreigners who have resided continuously in Turkey for at least five years can apply for citizenship. During this period, they can stay abroad for a maximum of six months.
Application Location: Provincial Directorate of Civil Registration and NationalityEvaluation: Considerations include public safety and health requirements.
Residence Permits
Residence permits in Turkey are granted in short-term or long-term categories:
Short-Term Residence Permit: Issued for reasons such as education, work, tourism, or property purchase.
Family Residence Permit: For foreigners married to Turkish citizens or children of Turkish citizens.
Long-Term Residence Permit: Granted to foreigners who have resided in Turkey continuously for at least eight years. This status provides permanent residency but does not include a work permit.
Application Process: Applications are made at Provincial Migration Management Offices. Applicants must submit their passport, biometric photo, and documents proving their residence reasons.
Work Permits
Work permits for foreigners in Turkey are regulated by the Ministry of Family and Social Services:
Dependent Work Permit: Required for foreigners working for an employer.
Independent Work Permit: For self-employed professionals operating in Turkey.
Turquoise Card: A special permit for those who invest in Turkey or contribute economically, scientifically, or culturally.
Application: Employers can submit applications for foreign employees through the E-Government system. Once the permit is granted, foreigners can commence their work.
Conclusion and Recommendations
The processes for acquiring citizenship, residence, and work permits vary based on the applicant's situation. Particularly in cases of investment or residence-based citizenship, seeking professional assistance can expedite the process. Regularly monitoring announcements from relevant authorities is essential for the timely renewal of residence permits and work permits.
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